When medical procedures are designed around male anatomy, women often pay the price – in pain, difficulty and dismissal.

For men, when urinating in the middle of the night, urinate sitting down on the toilet and not standing up. For men and women, avoid pushing when urinating or defecating in the middle of the night.

Artificial urinary sphincter implantation is an effective option with an acceptable complication rate for moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence.