At its current production rates, China is likely to have a far more menacing submarine force than Russia in short order—though its quality is still uncertain.

With the 09IIIB class and future 09V class, China’s development of nuclear-powered (and nuclear capable) submarines is at an ...

The United States remains the world's leading operator of nuclear submarines, including fast-attack, ballistic-missile, and guided-missile types. However, the most significant shift in the undersea ...

The global operational fleet of nuclear-powered submarines remains dominated by a handful of military powers, according to data from Statista. As of January 2026, the United States operates the ...

More uncertainty can push Russia to a higher alert, deploying more tactical and strategic nuclear warheads on board ...