Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) targets important cells of our immune system, making infected individuals more vulnerable to diseases and infections. Once inside human cells, HIV ...

A technique invented by the lab, known as Electron Microscopy-Based Polyclonal Epitope Mapping (EMPEM), lets the researchers see exactly where on the HIV virus antibodies bind. When they carried ...

A unique reaction in which antibodies bind to other antibodies may help scientists at Scripps Research better understand how to design a vaccine ...

Repetitive HIV vaccinations can lead the body to produce antibodies targeting the immune complexes already bound to the virus ...

like these HIV particles budding on the surface of a T cell. Now a new type of electron microscope, a tunnelling electron microscope, has even made it possible to see the arrangement of atoms.

Many vaccines work by introducing a protein to the body that resembles part of a virus. Ideally, the immune system will produce long-lasting antibodies recognizing that specific virus, thereby ...

For some HIV vaccines, repetitive immunizations lead to a chain reaction of antibody production against immune complexes already bound to viral proteins.